The US Supreme Court on Tuesday lifted an injunction that had previously halted President Donald Trump's ambitious plan to restructure the federal government. This move paves the way for significant changes under Executive Order 14210, which mandates "large-scale reductions in force" and demands that federal agencies draft plans to potentially dissolve or merge existing entities.

In February, this executive order stirred considerable controversy and was challenged in April by federal labor unions and advocacy groups. They argued that such a unilateral overhaul of federal agencies should require Congressional approval, which was not sought by the Trump administration.

Judge Susan Illston of the US District Court for the Northern District of California supported this viewpoint in May, issuing a preliminary injunction on the grounds that while the president can propose changes within executive branch agencies, large-scale reorganizations must involve legislative collaboration.

However, the Trump administration countered this decision, claiming through an emergency application to the Supreme Court that the president holds inherent authority over executive personnel decisions, as per Article 2 of the US Constitution. They argued that the district court's injunction improperly limited presidential power, conflicting with core principles of the separation of powers.

The Supreme Court's decision to stay the injunction reflects their agreement with the administration's perspective, at least preliminarily, asserting that Trump is "likely to succeed" in proving the order's legality. However, they clarified that their decision does not address the legality of the actual plans for reorganization.

In her concurring opinion, Justice Sonia Sotomayor noted that while the president must act within the bounds of law, the Executive Order does specify that any reorganization should comply with applicable laws. The Court, she stated, hasn't yet examined the specifics of these plans.

Justice Ketanji Brown Jackson, dissenting, criticized the majority's decision, highlighting potential risks to vital public services and the broader democratic structure. She pointed out that historically, such significant reorganizations have always involved Congress and warned of potential overreach by the executive branch.

The ruling allows the Trump administration to continue with the reorganization while the legal battle continues in the Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals. The outcome of this appellate review will further determine the scope and nature of executive power in federal restructuring efforts.