In the midst of the American Civil War, a profound shift in military ethics was taking shape, one that would influence the conduct of war for generations. The catalyst for this change was none other than Francis Lieber, a law professor whose work laid down the foundational principles of the modern laws of war. But which prestigious institution did Lieber represent when he crafted this monumental document?

During the conflict, President Abraham Lincoln recognized the need for a comprehensive set of guidelines governing the conduct of soldiers and officers. This led to the commissioning of Francis Lieber, then a professor at Columbia Law School, to draft a code that would not only serve the Union Army but also set a precedent worldwide. The result was General Order No. 100, better known as the Lieber Code.

The Lieber Code was revolutionary for its time. It articulated strict rules and norms for the treatment of prisoners of war, the wounded, and civilians, and prohibited torture and unnecessary destruction. One of its notable stipulations stated that "troops that give no quarter have no right to kill enemies already disabled on the ground," highlighting a commitment to humane treatment even in the brutal context of war.

The implications of the Lieber Code extended far beyond the American Civil War. It became a precursor to the Geneva Conventions and other international treaties that now form the backbone of international humanitarian law. The principles it espoused have fundamentally shaped how military operations are conducted globally, emphasizing the protection of human rights even amidst conflict.

The drafting of the Lieber Code at Columbia Law School is a testament to the significant role educational institutions can play in shaping global policies and ethical standards. It serves as a reminder of the power of academic influence on real-world issues, particularly in fields as critical as law and human rights.

This historic link between Columbia Law School and the laws of war underlines the essential interplay between academia and practical application in governance and law. It showcases how theoretical concepts and scholarly work can translate into impactful, real-world applications that resonate through centuries.

In revisiting this pivotal moment in legal history, we are reminded of the enduring legacy of those who seek to merge law with the moral imperatives of human dignity and justice. Francis Lieber's contribution remains a cornerstone in the ongoing development of the laws that govern warfare and protect the most vulnerable in times of conflict.